Many programming tasks require merging time series of varying frequency. For instance you might have three datasets (YEAR, QTR, and MONTH) of data, each with eponymous frequency and sorted by common id and date variables. Producing a monthly file with the most recent quarterly and yearly data is a hierarchical last-observation-carried-forward (LOCF) task. Or you may have three irregular times series (ADMISSIONS, SERVICES, TESTRESULTS), in which you want to capture the latest data from each source at every date encountered (event-based LOCF). These are tasks often left poorly optimized by most SQL-based languages, in which row order is ignored in the interests of optimizing table manipulation.

This presentation shows how to use conditional SET statements in the SAS® DATA step to update specific portions of the program data vector (i.e. the YEAR variables or the QTR variables) to carry forward low frequency data to multiple subsequent high frequency records. A…